The rehabilitation of aging Thermal Power Plants (TPPs) is crucial for improving energy efficiency and meeting modern environmental standards, but it also unveils a significant health hazard: asbestos. Widely used in older plants for insulation, fireproofing, and electrical components, asbestos poses serious risks when disturbed during renovation, potentially exposing workers to diseases like mesothelioma, asbestosis, and lung cancer. Failure to manage asbestos properly can lead to health and legal consequences, project delays, and reputational damage. Engaging expert asbestos consultants ensures safe identification, handling, and removal of asbestos-containing materials (ACMs) and helps meet regulatory and international funding requirements. As rehabilitation efforts continue across regions such as India, Southeast Asia, and the CIS, addressing asbestos risks is critical to project success and worker safety.